President Donald Trump has signed an executive order directing cities and states to dismantle homeless encampments and move individuals into treatment facilities, a move drawing sharp criticism from homelessness advocates. The order instructs Attorney General Pam Bondi to challenge legal precedents and consent decrees that limit local authority to clear camps, though it remains unclear how such rulings could be overturned.
The action follows the 2024 Supreme Court ruling that allows cities to ban homeless camping. Trump stated the goal is to address mental health and addiction issues among the homeless but did not outline plans to expand treatment capacity or provide permanent housing options.
According to the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, 771,480 people were homeless on a single night in 2024, marking an 18% increase from the previous year. Of these, 36% were unsheltered, living on streets, in vehicles, or encampments. Experts link the crisis to decades of reduced psychiatric care, shortages of affordable housing, and cuts to public assistance programs.
The National Coalition for the Homeless and the National Homelessness Law Center condemned the order, warning it could criminalize homelessness and worsen conditions by forcing treatment without addressing systemic causes. Critics also cited ongoing budget cuts for housing and healthcare, saying the policy diverts resources from sustainable solutions.
The order incentivizes federal grants for cities enforcing bans on public camping, drug use, and squatting, while cutting funding for supervised drug-use sites. Advocates argue the policy risks increasing displacement and fails to tackle root issues driving the homelessness surge.
This development adds to mounting debate over U.S. homelessness policy as urban centers struggle with rising unsheltered populations amid housing affordability crises and mental health care gaps.